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🏛️ TOEFL iBT – từ học thuật đại học · Từ vựng theo kỳ thi · 123 từ

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registrar /ˌredʒɪˈstrɑː/ n	phòng đào tạo, phòng quản lý hồ sơ SV You'll need to go to the registrar to change your major officially.
bursar /ˈbɜːsə/ n	phòng tài vụ (trường) Late tuition payments should be discussed with the bursar's office.
financial aid /faɪˌnænʃl ˈeɪd/ n	hỗ trợ tài chính (học bổng, vay) She applied for financial aid because her family couldn't cover tuition.
dean /diːn/ n	trưởng khoa The dean approved his request to take an extra course this semester.
office hours /ˈɒfɪs ˌaʊəz/ n	giờ tiếp sinh viên If you're confused about the essay, come to my office hours on Tuesday.
course load /ˈkɔːs ləʊd/ n	khối lượng môn học Working part-time with a heavy course load left him exhausted.
drop a class /ˌdrɒp ə ˈklɑːs/ phrase	rút khỏi một lớp học If you drop a class after Friday, it will appear on your record.
add-drop period /ˌæd ˈdrɒp ˌpɪəriəd/ n	thời gian thêm/bớt môn You can still switch sections during the add-drop period.
midterm /ˌmɪdˈtɜːm/ n	bài thi giữa kỳ The midterm will cover chapters one to six of the textbook.
final exam /ˌfaɪnl ɪɡˈzæm/ n	bài thi cuối kỳ The final exam is worth forty percent of your overall grade.
GPA /ˌdʒiː piː ˈeɪ/ n	điểm trung bình tích lũy You need a GPA of at least 3.5 to qualify for the scholarship.
honor code /ˈɒnə kəʊd/ n	quy tắc danh dự (học thuật) Copying a classmate's answers is a serious violation of the honor code.
work-study /ˈwɜːk ˌstʌdi/ n	chương trình vừa học vừa làm Through work-study, he earns money shelving books in the library.
resident advisor /ˌrezɪdənt ədˈvaɪzə/ n	trưởng tầng ký túc xá (SV) Talk to your resident advisor if your roommate is too noisy.
meal plan /ˈmiːl plæn/ n	gói ăn uống (trong trường) Her meal plan includes fifteen meals a week in the dining hall.
commencement /kəˈmensmənt/ n	lễ tốt nghiệp Families travelled from abroad to attend the spring commencement.
freshman /ˈfreʃmən/ n	sinh viên năm nhất Every freshman must take a writing seminar in the first semester.
sophomore /ˈsɒfəmɔː/ n	sinh viên năm hai By the end of sophomore year, students must choose a major.
graduate student /ˌɡrædʒuət ˈstjuːdnt/ n	học viên cao học A graduate student teaches the Friday discussion section.
lab report /ˈlæb rɪˌpɔːt/ n	báo cáo thí nghiệm Your lab report should include a clear description of your method.
problem set /ˈprɒbləm set/ n	bộ bài tập (tính toán) The physics problem set is due every Monday morning.
term paper /ˈtɜːm ˌpeɪpə/ n	bài luận cuối kỳ His term paper examines trade between Venice and the Ottoman Empire.
interlibrary loan /ˌɪntəˌlaɪbrəri ˈləʊn/ n	mượn sách liên thư viện The book isn't in our collection, but you can request it through interlibrary loan.
on reserve /ɒn rɪˈzɜːv/ phrase	để riêng (sách chỉ đọc tại chỗ) The professor put three articles on reserve at the main library.
study group /ˈstʌdi ɡruːp/ n	nhóm học tập Joining a study group helped her prepare for the chemistry midterm.
chlorophyll /ˈklɒrəfɪl/ n	diệp lục Leaves turn yellow in autumn as the chlorophyll breaks down.
cell membrane /ˈsel ˌmembreɪn/ n	màng tế bào Water passes through the cell membrane by a process called osmosis.
microorganism /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈɔːɡənɪzəm/ n	vi sinh vật Soil contains billions of microorganisms that break down dead matter.
fungi /ˈfʌŋɡiː/ n	nấm (số nhiều) Many trees rely on fungi in the soil to absorb nutrients.
symbiosis /ˌsɪmbaɪˈəʊsɪs/ n	sự cộng sinh The clownfish and the sea anemone live in symbiosis.
mutualism /ˈmjuːtʃuəlɪzəm/ n	quan hệ hỗ sinh (cùng có lợi) Bees and flowering plants are a classic example of mutualism.
parasite /ˈpærəsaɪt/ n	ký sinh trùng The parasite lives inside the fish and slowly weakens it.
camouflage /ˈkæməflɑːʒ/ n	sự ngụy trang The moth's grey wings provide perfect camouflage against tree bark.
mimicry /ˈmɪmɪkri/ n	sự bắt chước (về hình dạng/màu) Through mimicry, a harmless fly can look exactly like a wasp.
mutation /mjuːˈteɪʃn/ n	đột biến A single mutation allowed the bacteria to resist the antibiotic.
offspring /ˈɒfsprɪŋ/ n	con non, con cái Penguins share the work of feeding their offspring.
larva /ˈlɑːvə/ n	ấu trùng The larva feeds on leaves for several weeks before forming a cocoon.
metamorphosis /ˌmetəˈmɔːfəsɪs/ n	sự biến thái A tadpole undergoes metamorphosis to become an adult frog.
pollination /ˌpɒləˈneɪʃn/ n	sự thụ phấn Wind pollination is common in grasses and many trees.
pollinator /ˈpɒləneɪtə/ n	loài thụ phấn Bats are important pollinators of desert cactus flowers.
nectar /ˈnektə/ n	mật hoa Hummingbirds feed on nectar from long, tube-shaped flowers.
germinate /ˈdʒɜːmɪneɪt/ v	nảy mầm Some desert seeds germinate only after heavy rainfall.
seed dispersal /ˈsiːd dɪˌspɜːsl/ n	sự phát tán hạt Birds play a key role in seed dispersal by eating fruit.
deciduous /dɪˈsɪdʒuəs/ adj	rụng lá theo mùa Oak and maple are deciduous trees common in eastern forests.
coniferous /kəˈnɪfərəs/ adj	thuộc cây lá kim Coniferous forests cover much of Canada and northern Russia.
canopy /ˈkænəpi/ n	tán rừng Most rainforest animals live high in the canopy, far above the ground.
tundra /ˈtʌndrə/ n	lãnh nguyên Only small plants and mosses survive on the Arctic tundra.
savanna /səˈvænə/ n	thảo nguyên nhiệt đới Lions, zebras and elephants roam freely across the African savanna.
estuary /ˈestʃuəri/ n	cửa sông The estuary is a rich feeding ground for migrating birds.
plankton /ˈplæŋktən/ n	sinh vật phù du Blue whales survive almost entirely on tiny plankton.
algae /ˈældʒiː/ n	tảo Warm water caused algae to spread across the surface of the lake.
invertebrate /ɪnˈvɜːtɪbrət/ n	động vật không xương sống Over ninety percent of animal species are invertebrates.
vertebrate /ˈvɜːtɪbrət/ n	động vật có xương sống Fish were the first vertebrates to appear on Earth.
amphibian /æmˈfɪbiən/ n	động vật lưỡng cư Amphibians are very sensitive to pollution in water.
reptile /ˈreptaɪl/ n	bò sát Reptiles lie in the sun to raise their body temperature.
primate /ˈpraɪmeɪt/ n	động vật linh trưởng Chimpanzees are among the most intelligent primates on the planet.
herbivore /ˈhɜːbɪvɔː/ n	động vật ăn cỏ Elephants are herbivores that eat up to 150 kilograms of plants daily.
carnivore /ˈkɑːnɪvɔː/ n	động vật ăn thịt Wolves are carnivores that hunt in organised packs.
forage /ˈfɒrɪdʒ/ v	kiếm ăn Ants forage up to a hundred metres from their nest.
territorial /ˌterəˈtɔːriəl/ adj	có tính lãnh thổ Male robins are highly territorial during the breeding season.
courtship /ˈkɔːtʃɪp/ n	sự tán tỉnh (giao phối) Peacocks spread their tail feathers as part of a courtship display.
hibernation /ˌhaɪbəˈneɪʃn/ n	sự ngủ đông During hibernation, a bear's heart rate drops dramatically.
sediment /ˈsedɪmənt/ n	trầm tích Rivers carry sediment downstream and deposit it at the coast.
sedimentary rock /ˌsedɪˌmentri ˈrɒk/ n	đá trầm tích Fossils are most often found in sedimentary rock like limestone.
igneous rock /ˌɪɡniəs ˈrɒk/ n	đá mácma Granite is an igneous rock that cooled slowly underground.
metamorphic rock /ˌmetəˌmɔːfɪk ˈrɒk/ n	đá biến chất Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from limestone.
weathering /ˈweðərɪŋ/ n	sự phong hóa Weathering slowly turned the sharp peaks into rounded hills.
glaciation /ˌɡleɪsiˈeɪʃn/ n	sự băng hà hóa The valley's U shape is evidence of past glaciation.
plate tectonics /ˌpleɪt tekˈtɒnɪks/ n	kiến tạo mảng Plate tectonics explains why earthquakes happen along certain lines.
fault line /ˈfɔːlt laɪn/ n	đường đứt gãy The city was built directly on top of an active fault line.
magma /ˈmæɡmə/ n	mắc-ma When magma reaches the surface, it is called lava.
crust /krʌst/ n	vỏ Trái Đất The Earth's crust is thinnest under the oceans.
mantle /ˈmæntl/ n	lớp manti Heat from the mantle drives the movement of tectonic plates.
fossil record /ˈfɒsl ˌrekɔːd/ n	hồ sơ hóa thạch Gaps in the fossil record make it hard to date the change.
strata /ˈstrɑːtə/ n	các tầng (đá, địa chất) Geologists date fossils by studying the strata in which they lie.
geyser /ˈɡiːzə/ n	mạch nước phun nóng The famous geyser erupts about every ninety minutes, drawing crowds.
delta /ˈdeltə/ n	đồng bằng châu thổ The Mekong Delta is one of the world's richest rice-growing regions.
continental drift /ˌkɒntɪˌnentl ˈdrɪft/ n	trôi dạt lục địa Continental drift explains why similar fossils appear on distant continents.
ice age /ˈaɪs eɪdʒ/ n	kỷ băng hà Mammoths roamed Europe during the last ice age.
celestial /səˈlestiəl/ adj	thuộc bầu trời, thiên thể Ancient sailors used celestial bodies to find their way at night.
comet /ˈkɒmɪt/ n	sao chổi The comet's tail always points away from the sun.
meteorite /ˈmiːtiəraɪt/ n	thiên thạch (rơi xuống đất) A meteorite impact may have wiped out the dinosaurs.
crater /ˈkreɪtə/ n	miệng hố (núi lửa, va chạm) The moon's surface is covered with thousands of craters.
nebula /ˈnebjələ/ n	tinh vân New stars are being born inside the glowing nebula.
supernova /ˌsuːpəˈnəʊvə/ n	siêu tân tinh The supernova was so bright it could be seen during the day.
light-year /ˈlaɪt jɪə/ n	năm ánh sáng The nearest star is just over four light-years away.
dwarf planet /ˌdwɔːf ˈplænɪt/ n	hành tinh lùn In 2006, Pluto was reclassified as a dwarf planet.
gas giant /ˌɡæs ˈdʒaɪənt/ n	hành tinh khí khổng lồ Jupiter, the largest gas giant, has a storm bigger than Earth.
asteroid belt /ˈæstərɔɪd belt/ n	vành đai tiểu hành tinh Most asteroids in our solar system lie in the asteroid belt.
gravitational pull /ˌɡrævɪˌteɪʃənl ˈpʊl/ n	lực hấp dẫn The moon's gravitational pull is the main cause of ocean tides.
eclipse /ɪˈklɪps/ n	nhật/nguyệt thực Thousands gathered to watch the total eclipse of the sun.
equinox /ˈekwɪnɒks/ n	điểm phân (xuân/thu phân) Many ancient monuments line up with the sunrise on the equinox.
Neolithic /ˌniːəˈlɪθɪk/ adj	thuộc thời đại đồ đá mới Neolithic farmers built the first permanent villages in Europe.
archaeologist /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/ n	nhà khảo cổ học Archaeologists uncovered a Roman bath beneath the car park.
excavation /ˌekskəˈveɪʃn/ n	cuộc khai quật The excavation revealed tools that were over ten thousand years old.
nomadic /nəʊˈmædɪk/ adj	du mục Nomadic herders moved their animals with the seasons.
hunter-gatherer /ˌhʌntə ˈɡæðərə/ n	người săn bắt hái lượm Early hunter-gatherers followed herds of animals across the open plains.
domestication /dəˌmestɪˈkeɪʃn/ n	sự thuần hóa The domestication of wheat changed human history forever.
civilisation /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n	nền văn minh The Maya civilisation built huge cities in the rainforest.
dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n	triều đại The Ly dynasty moved the capital to Thang Long in 1010.
colonial /kəˈləʊniəl/ adj	thuộc địa Many colonial buildings still stand in the city centre.
Renaissance /rɪˈneɪsns/ n	thời kỳ Phục Hưng Florence was the heart of the Italian Renaissance.
Industrial Revolution /ɪnˌdʌstriəl ˌrevəˈluːʃn/ n	Cách mạng Công nghiệp The Industrial Revolution drew millions of workers into cities.
textile /ˈtekstaɪl/ n	hàng dệt may The textile industry was the first to use steam-powered machines.
guild /ɡɪld/ n	phường hội (thợ thủ công) Medieval guilds controlled prices and trained young apprentices.
trade route /ˈtreɪd ruːt/ n	tuyến đường thương mại The Silk Road was a trade route linking China and Europe.
feudal /ˈfjuːdl/ adj	phong kiến In feudal society, peasants owed labour to their lord.
peasant /ˈpeznt/ n	nông dân (thời xưa) Most peasants lived in small huts and grew their own food.
printing press /ˈprɪntɪŋ pres/ n	máy in The printing press made books far cheaper and more common.
fresco /ˈfreskəʊ/ n	bích họa (vẽ trên vữa ướt) Michelangelo spent four years painting the frescoes on the chapel ceiling.
mural /ˈmjʊərəl/ n	tranh tường Local artists painted a colourful mural on the side of the school.
pigment /ˈpɪɡmənt/ n	chất màu, sắc tố Early painters made blue pigment from crushed stones.
still life /ˌstɪl ˈlaɪf/ n	tranh tĩnh vật The Dutch artist was famous for his still life paintings of flowers.
Impressionism /ɪmˈpreʃənɪzəm/ n	trường phái Ấn tượng Impressionism began in France when painters worked outdoors.
abstract art /ˌæbstrækt ˈɑːt/ n	nghệ thuật trừu tượng Many visitors find abstract art difficult to interpret.
sculptor /ˈskʌlptə/ n	nhà điêu khắc The sculptor carved the statue from a single block of marble.
ceramic /səˈræmɪk/ adj	bằng gốm sứ The museum displays ceramic bowls from the Song dynasty.
mosaic /məʊˈzeɪɪk/ n	tranh khảm The Roman villa's floor is covered with a beautiful mosaic.
Gothic /ˈɡɒθɪk/ adj	kiến trúc Gô-tích The Gothic cathedral took more than a century to complete.
dome /dəʊm/ n	mái vòm The great dome of the cathedral was an engineering triumph.
motif /məʊˈtiːf/ n	họa tiết, mô-típ The lotus flower is a common motif in Asian temple art.
composer /kəmˈpəʊzə/ n	nhà soạn nhạc The composer wrote his first symphony at the age of eight.
symphony /ˈsɪmfəni/ n	bản giao hưởng Beethoven was almost completely deaf when he wrote his ninth symphony.