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💹 Kinh tế & Tài chính · Từ vựng IELTS theo chủ đề · 20 từ

Economy & Finance – lạm phát, đầu tư, thương mại

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inflation /ɪnˈfleɪʃn/ n	lạm phát High inflation makes it difficult for ordinary families to afford basic goods.
recession /rɪˈseʃn/ n	suy thoái kinh tế Thousands of small businesses closed during the recession.
investment /ɪnˈvestmənt/ n	sự đầu tư Foreign investment has created many jobs in the manufacturing sector.
revenue /ˈrevənjuː/ n	doanh thu; nguồn thu Tourism generates significant revenue for many island nations.
budget /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ n	ngân sách A large part of the national budget is spent on defence.
debt /det/ n	khoản nợ Many graduates leave university with a huge amount of debt.
interest rate /ˈɪntrəst reɪt/ n	lãi suất The central bank raised the interest rate to slow down inflation.
economic growth /ˌiːkəˌnɒmɪk ˈɡrəʊθ/ n	tăng trưởng kinh tế Rapid economic growth has lifted millions of people out of poverty.
unemployment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ n	thất nghiệp Youth unemployment remains a serious problem in many European countries.
currency /ˈkʌrənsi/ n	tiền tệ A weak currency can make exports cheaper and more competitive.
export /ˈekspɔːt/ n	hàng xuất khẩu; sự xuất khẩu Rice and coffee are among the country's most important exports.
tariff /ˈtærɪf/ n	thuế quan Higher tariffs on imported cars are intended to protect local manufacturers.
prosperity /prɒˈsperəti/ n	sự thịnh vượng Free trade has brought prosperity to many coastal cities.
subsidy /ˈsʌbsədi/ n	khoản trợ cấp Farmers receive government subsidies to keep food prices low.
profitable /ˈprɒfɪtəbl/ adj	có lãi, sinh lời Online retail has become far more profitable than traditional shops.
expenditure /ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)/ n	khoản chi tiêu Government expenditure on education has doubled over the past decade.
affluent /ˈæfluənt/ adj	giàu có, sung túc Obesity is becoming more common in affluent societies.
fiscal /ˈfɪskl/ adj	(thuộc) tài khóa, ngân sách The government must adopt a responsible fiscal policy to reduce its debt.
stock market /ˈstɒk mɑːkɪt/ n	thị trường chứng khoán Many people lost their savings when the stock market crashed.
downturn /ˈdaʊntɜːn/ n	sự suy giảm The tourism industry was badly hit by the economic downturn.