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🩺 Y khoa & Sức khỏe · Từ vựng chuyên ngành · 150 từ

Chẩn đoán, điều trị, bệnh học, dược, giải phẫu, bệnh viện…

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diagnosis n	chẩn đoán Early diagnosis greatly improves the chance of recovery.
symptom n	triệu chứng Fever and cough are common symptoms of the flu.
sign n	dấu hiệu (lâm sàng) The doctor noted clear signs of dehydration in the elderly patient.
vital signs n	dấu hiệu sinh tồn Nurses check the vital signs of each patient every four hours.
treatment n	điều trị The patient responded well to the new treatment.
therapy n	liệu pháp She is receiving physical therapy after knee surgery.
prognosis n	tiên lượng The prognosis is good if the tumor is removed early.
patient n	bệnh nhân, người bệnh The patient was discharged after three days of observation in the ward.
physician n	bác sĩ (nội khoa) Consult your physician before starting any new medication or supplement.
surgeon n	bác sĩ phẫu thuật The surgeon explained the risks of the procedure.
nurse n	y tá, điều dưỡng The nurse changed the dressing on his wound.
general practitioner n	bác sĩ đa khoa Your general practitioner can refer you to a specialist.
specialist n	bác sĩ chuyên khoa He was referred to a heart specialist after an abnormal ECG result.
pharmacist n	dược sĩ The pharmacist explained how to take the tablets.
outpatient n	bệnh nhân ngoại trú The clinic sees about two hundred outpatients a day.
inpatient n	bệnh nhân nội trú Inpatients receive meals prepared according to advice from the hospital dietitian.
admission n	nhập viện Hospital admissions for asthma usually rise during the cold winter months.
discharge v	cho xuất viện The doctor said the patient will be discharged tomorrow morning.
ward n	khoa phòng, buồng bệnh She was moved to the surgical ward after the operation.
emergency room n	phòng cấp cứu He was taken to the emergency room after the accident.
intensive care unit n	khoa hồi sức tích cực (ICU) The patient spent five days in the intensive care unit.
operating room n	phòng mổ The operating room must be cleaned between procedures.
surgery n	phẫu thuật He needs surgery to repair the torn ligament.
anesthesia n	gây mê, gây tê The knee operation was performed under general anesthesia and took two hours.
incision n	vết rạch, đường mổ The surgeon made a small incision in the abdomen.
suture n	chỉ khâu; mũi khâu The sutures will be removed in ten days.
prescription n	đơn thuốc This antibiotic is only available with a prescription.
dosage n	liều dùng Patients should never exceed the recommended dosage printed on the label.
side effect n	tác dụng phụ Drowsiness is a common side effect of this drug.
adverse reaction n	phản ứng có hại (của thuốc) Any adverse reaction must be reported to the pharmacy.
contraindication n	chống chỉ định Pregnancy is a contraindication for this medication, so the doctor prescribed another.
antibiotic n	thuốc kháng sinh Antibiotics do not work against viral infections such as the common cold.
antibiotic resistance n	kháng kháng sinh Overuse of drugs in farming is increasing antibiotic resistance around the world.
vaccine n	vắc-xin The new vaccine protects young children against measles and rubella.
vaccination n	tiêm chủng The vaccination program reached ninety percent of infants.
immunity n	miễn dịch Breastfeeding helps build immunity in newborn babies during their first months.
immune system n	hệ miễn dịch Long periods of stress can seriously weaken the immune system.
infection n	nhiễm trùng, nhiễm khuẩn The surgical wound showed early signs of infection on the third day.
inflammation n	viêm Applying ice can reduce inflammation around the injured joint.
virus n	vi-rút The virus spreads mainly through droplets produced when people cough or sneeze.
bacteria n	vi khuẩn Washing hands with soap removes most harmful bacteria from the skin.
pathogen n	mầm bệnh, tác nhân gây bệnh The laboratory identified the pathogen within hours of receiving the samples.
epidemic n	dịch bệnh Health officials declared a dengue epidemic in the province.
pandemic n	đại dịch The pandemic put enormous pressure on hospitals and health workers everywhere.
outbreak n	sự bùng phát (dịch) An outbreak of food poisoning affected forty workers.
quarantine n	cách ly Travelers from the affected area had to enter quarantine.
transmission n	sự lây truyền Wearing masks reduces the transmission of respiratory infections in crowded places.
contagious adj	dễ lây, truyền nhiễm Chickenpox is highly contagious among young children in schools and nurseries.
infectious disease n	bệnh truyền nhiễm She specializes in infectious disease at the city hospital.
chronic adj	mạn tính Diabetes is a chronic condition that needs daily care.
acute adj	cấp tính He was admitted to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain.
diabetes n	bệnh tiểu đường, đái tháo đường Regular exercise helps patients control type 2 diabetes.
hypertension n	tăng huyết áp Untreated hypertension greatly increases the risk of stroke and heart disease.
blood pressure n	huyết áp The nurse measured his blood pressure before the exam.
heart rate n	nhịp tim Her heart rate rose sharply during the test.
cardiovascular disease n	bệnh tim mạch Smoking is a major cause of cardiovascular disease.
heart attack n	nhồi máu cơ tim, cơn đau tim He survived a heart attack thanks to quick treatment.
stroke n	đột quỵ Fast treatment can reduce the damage caused by a stroke.
cancer n	ung thư The clinic offers free screening for breast cancer.
tumor n	khối u Scans showed a small tumor in the liver.
benign adj	lành tính The biopsy confirmed that the lump was benign.
malignant adj	ác tính The doctors found a malignant tumor in her lung.
metastasis n	di căn Early surgery aims to remove the tumor and prevent metastasis to other organs.
chemotherapy n	hóa trị She lost her hair during chemotherapy but has now fully recovered.
radiotherapy n	xạ trị Radiotherapy is given five days a week for six weeks.
biopsy n	sinh thiết The doctor ordered a biopsy of the skin lesion.
blood test n	xét nghiệm máu A blood test showed high levels of cholesterol.
urine test n	xét nghiệm nước tiểu A urine test can detect kidney problems early.
X-ray n	chụp X-quang, phim X-quang The X-ray showed a fracture in his wrist.
ultrasound n	siêu âm An ultrasound confirmed that the baby was healthy.
computed tomography n	chụp cắt lớp vi tính (CT) Computed tomography revealed bleeding in the brain after the fall.
magnetic resonance imaging n	chụp cộng hưởng từ (MRI) Magnetic resonance imaging showed damage to the spinal cord.
medical history n	tiền sử bệnh The doctor reviewed her medical history before surgery.
medical record n	hồ sơ bệnh án Electronic medical records can be shared between hospitals.
physical examination n	khám lâm sàng, khám thực thể A physical examination found swelling in the left leg.
check-up n	khám sức khỏe định kỳ Staff are offered a free health check-up every year.
screening n	sàng lọc Cancer screening is recommended for adults over fifty.
referral n	giấy chuyển viện, sự giới thiệu (khám chuyên khoa) You need a referral to see the orthopedic specialist.
consultation n	buổi khám, tư vấn The first consultation with the specialist usually lasts about thirty minutes.
health insurance n	bảo hiểm y tế All employees and their children are covered by health insurance.
primary care n	chăm sóc sức khỏe ban đầu Good primary care reduces pressure on big hospitals.
public health n	y tế công cộng Access to clean water is essential for public health in rural communities.
epidemiology n	dịch tễ học She has a master’s degree in epidemiology from a university in Hanoi.
clinical trial n	thử nghiệm lâm sàng The drug is now in the final phase of a clinical trial.
placebo n	giả dược Half the volunteers in the study received a placebo instead of the drug.
evidence-based medicine n	y học dựa trên bằng chứng National treatment guidelines are written according to the principles of evidence-based medicine.
anatomy n	giải phẫu học First-year medical students spend many hours studying human anatomy.
physiology n	sinh lý học Physiology explains how the heart pumps blood around the body.
pathology n	bệnh học; giải phẫu bệnh The pathology report confirmed the diagnosis of early stage cancer.
pharmacology n	dược lý học All nursing students take a course in basic pharmacology in their second year.
pediatrics n	nhi khoa After graduating, he decided to specialize in pediatrics at a children’s hospital.
obstetrics n	sản khoa The obstetrics team safely delivered healthy twins early this morning.
cardiology n	tim mạch học, khoa tim mạch She was referred to cardiology for further tests.
neurology n	thần kinh học, khoa thần kinh The neurology clinic treats patients with epilepsy and migraine.
oncology n	ung bướu học, khoa ung bướu The hospital opened a new oncology center with modern radiation equipment.
orthopedics n	chấn thương chỉnh hình He works in orthopedics, mainly on knee replacements.
dermatology n	da liễu The dermatology clinic treats common skin conditions such as acne and eczema.
psychiatry n	tâm thần học, khoa tâm thần Psychiatry services are in high demand after the crisis.
mental health n	sức khỏe tâm thần The company provides mental health support for staff.
depression n	trầm cảm Depression often goes undiagnosed in older adults who live alone.
anxiety disorder n	rối loạn lo âu Therapy is effective for many types of anxiety disorder.
cardiac arrest n	ngừng tim The team performed CPR on a man in cardiac arrest.
cardiopulmonary resuscitation n	hồi sinh tim phổi (CPR) All ward staff are trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation every two years.
first aid n	sơ cứu Every office should have a first aid kit.
fracture n	gãy xương The X-ray confirmed a fracture of the left arm.
wound n	vết thương Clean the wound carefully before applying a bandage.
bleeding n	chảy máu, xuất huyết Firm pressure on the wound eventually stopped the bleeding.
hemorrhage n	xuất huyết The CT scan showed a small brain hemorrhage after the accident.
blood transfusion n	truyền máu She needed a blood transfusion after giving birth.
intravenous adj	tiêm tĩnh mạch, truyền tĩnh mạch The patient received intravenous fluids overnight to treat severe dehydration.
injection n	mũi tiêm, sự tiêm The nurse gave him an injection for the pain.
tablet n	viên nén, viên thuốc Take one tablet twice a day after meals.
over-the-counter adj	không cần kê đơn Many over-the-counter painkillers contain paracetamol, so check the label carefully.
painkiller n	thuốc giảm đau He was given a painkiller after the operation.
allergy n	dị ứng Tell the doctor if you have any drug allergy.
asthma n	hen suyễn High levels of air pollution can trigger asthma attacks in children.
pneumonia n	viêm phổi Elderly patients are at greater risk of pneumonia.
tuberculosis n	bệnh lao Tuberculosis can be cured with a long course of drugs.
dengue fever n	sốt xuất huyết Cases of dengue fever rise during the rainy season.
malnutrition n	suy dinh dưỡng Malnutrition among children has fallen in rural areas.
obesity n	béo phì Obesity significantly increases the risk of diabetes and heart disease.
nutrition n	dinh dưỡng Good nutrition is especially important for women during pregnancy.
dehydration n	mất nước Severe diarrhea in infants can quickly lead to dangerous dehydration.
fever n	sốt The child has had a high fever since last night.
chronic pain n	đau mạn tính The new clinic helps patients manage chronic pain without strong drugs.
rehabilitation n	phục hồi chức năng Rehabilitation after a stroke can take many months.
physiotherapy n	vật lý trị liệu Physiotherapy helped him walk again after the accident.
palliative care n	chăm sóc giảm nhẹ Palliative care focuses on comfort and quality of life.
chronic kidney disease n	bệnh thận mạn Chronic kidney disease often develops for years without any obvious symptoms.
dialysis n	lọc máu, chạy thận He goes for dialysis three times a week.
organ transplant n	ghép tạng She has been on the waiting list for an organ transplant since March.
donor n	người hiến (máu, tạng) The hospital urgently needs blood donors with type O blood.
genetic adj	thuộc di truyền The disease is caused by a genetic mutation.
hormone n	hóc-môn, nội tiết tố Insulin is a hormone that controls blood sugar.
insulin n	insulin Some diabetic patients need daily insulin injections to control their blood sugar.
cholesterol n	cholesterol High cholesterol can gradually block the arteries that supply the heart.
metabolism n	sự trao đổi chất Thyroid problems can slow down metabolism and cause weight gain.
respiratory adj	thuộc hô hấp Smoke from the forest fires caused respiratory problems for many residents.
nervous system n	hệ thần kinh Some viruses can cause lasting damage to the nervous system.
digestive system n	hệ tiêu hóa Eating enough fiber helps keep the digestive system healthy.
hygiene n	vệ sinh Hand hygiene is the best way to prevent infection.
sterile adj	vô trùng, vô khuẩn All surgical instruments must be kept sterile until they are used.
disinfect v	khử trùng Staff disinfect the beds after each patient leaves.
preventive medicine n	y học dự phòng Vaccines are a key part of preventive medicine.
life expectancy n	tuổi thọ trung bình Life expectancy has increased thanks to better health care.
mortality rate n	tỷ lệ tử vong The infant mortality rate has fallen sharply over the past twenty years.
informed consent n	sự đồng ý có hiểu biết (sau khi được giải thích) Surgeons must obtain informed consent before any operation.
health care n	chăm sóc sức khỏe, y tế The government plans to improve health care in rural areas.
antibody n	kháng thể Blood tests showed high levels of antibodies after the second vaccine dose.
pulse n	mạch The nurse checked the patient’s pulse and blood pressure every hour.