👨‍👩‍👧 Society & Family · IELTS Vocabulary by Topic · 12 words

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inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/ n	the unfair difference between groups of people in a society Income inequality has widened in many developed countries.
poverty /ˈpɒvəti/ n	the state of being poor Education is the most effective way to escape poverty.
generation gap /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn ɡæp/ n	a difference in attitudes between young and older people Technology has widened the generation gap in many families.
ageing population /ˌeɪdʒɪŋ ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n	a population in which the proportion of older people is increasing An ageing population puts pressure on healthcare and pension systems.
welfare /ˈwelfeə(r)/ n	practical or financial help given by the state to people who need it Some argue that generous welfare benefits discourage people from working.
diversity /daɪˈvɜːsəti/ n	a range of many people or things that are very different from each other Cultural diversity enriches city life.
discrimination /dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ n	treating a person or group worse than others because of race, sex, age, etc. Laws against gender discrimination have improved working conditions for women.
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n	all the people who live in a particular area or share something in common Local libraries play an important role in the community.
immigration /ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n	the process of coming to live permanently in a different country Immigration can help to fill skills shortages in the economy.
upbringing /ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ/ n	the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave A strict upbringing does not always produce well-behaved adults.
nuclear family /ˌnjuːkliə ˈfæməli/ n	a family that consists of a father, a mother and their children The nuclear family has replaced the extended family in most cities.
volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ v	to offer to do something without being paid Students should be encouraged to volunteer in their local area.