🌍 Environment · IELTS Vocabulary by Topic · 12 words

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pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n	the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty Air pollution in big cities is a serious threat to public health.
deforestation /diːˌfɒrɪˈsteɪʃn/ n	the act of cutting down or burning the trees in an area Deforestation is destroying the habitats of countless species.
emission /iˈmɪʃn/ n	the production of gases, heat, light, etc.; the gas sent out into the air Governments must cut carbon emissions to slow down climate change.
renewable /rɪˈnjuːəbl/ adj	(of energy) that is replaced naturally, such as wind or solar power Investing in renewable energy creates jobs and protects the planet.
sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj	involving the use of natural resources without destroying the environment Sustainable farming methods protect the soil for future generations.
biodiversity /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ n	the existence of a large number of different kinds of animals and plants Coral reefs are home to an extraordinary level of biodiversity.
conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ n	the protection of the natural environment Wildlife conservation projects rely heavily on public donations.
habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n	the place where a particular type of animal or plant is normally found Urban expansion has led to the destruction of natural habitats.
contaminate /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ v	to make something impure or dangerous by adding a harmful substance Chemicals from factories have contaminated the local water supply.
drought /draʊt/ n	a long period of time when there is little or no rain Severe droughts have destroyed crops across the region.
landfill /ˈlændfɪl/ n	an area of land where large amounts of waste are buried Most plastic packaging ends up in landfill sites.
endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/ adj	(of animals or plants) at risk of no longer existing Poaching has pushed many endangered species to the edge of extinction.