8️⃣ Awl8 · Academic Word List (AWL) · 60 words

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abandon /əˈbændən/ v	to leave something completely or stop doing it The project was abandoned due to rising costs.
accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ v	to go with someone, or happen at the same time as something Economic growth is often accompanied by rising pollution.
accumulate /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ v	to gradually gather more of something Plastic waste continues to accumulate in the oceans.
ambiguous /æmˈbɪɡjuəs/ adj	having more than one possible meaning The wording of the question was ambiguous.
append /əˈpend/ v	to add something to the end of a document A list of references is appended to the report.
appreciate /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ v	to recognise the value of something, or to increase in value Property in the capital has appreciated rapidly.
arbitrary /ˈɑːbɪtrəri/ adj	based on chance or personal choice rather than reason The age limit seems somewhat arbitrary.
automate /ˈɔːtəmeɪt/ v	to make a process operate by machines rather than people Many routine office tasks have been automated.
bias /ˈbaɪəs/ n	an unfair preference for or against something Researchers must avoid bias when selecting participants.
chart /tʃɑːt/ n	a diagram showing information The bar chart compares spending in five countries.
clarify /ˈklærəfaɪ/ v	to make something easier to understand The government issued guidelines to clarify the new rules.
commodity /kəˈmɒdəti/ n	a product that can be bought and sold, especially raw materials Coffee is one of the most traded commodities in the world.
complement /ˈkɒmplɪment/ v	to add to something in a way that improves it Online resources complement classroom teaching.
conform /kənˈfɔːm/ v	to obey a rule or behave as others expect All products must conform to safety standards.
contemporary /kənˈtemprəri/ adj	belonging to the present time The museum focuses on contemporary art.
contradict /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt/ v	to say or show that something is wrong or opposite The new evidence contradicts earlier findings.
crucial /ˈkruːʃl/ adj	extremely important because it affects other things Early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment.
currency /ˈkʌrənsi/ n	the system of money used in a country A weak currency makes exports cheaper.
denote /dɪˈnəʊt/ v	to be a sign of something or to represent it In the graph, the dotted line denotes projected figures.
detect /dɪˈtekt/ v	to notice or discover something that is hard to see Modern scanners can detect cancer at an early stage.
deviate /ˈdiːvieɪt/ v	to move away from what is normal or planned Few students deviated from the recommended study plan.
displace /dɪsˈpleɪs/ v	to force people to leave their home, or to take the place of something The dam displaced thousands of villagers.
drama /ˈdrɑːmə/ n	a play or plays, or exciting events Drama classes help children build confidence.
eventual /ɪˈventʃuəl/ adj	happening at the end of a process The eventual cost of the project was double the estimate.
exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ v	to show something publicly, or to display a quality Patients exhibited signs of improvement within weeks.
exploit /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ v	to use something fully, or to treat people unfairly for profit Some companies exploit workers in developing countries.
fluctuate /ˈflʌktʃueɪt/ v	to rise and fall irregularly Oil prices fluctuated wildly throughout the year.
guideline /ˈɡaɪdlaɪn/ n	an official rule or advice about how to do something New guidelines recommend less salt in children's diets.
highlight /ˈhaɪlaɪt/ v	to draw attention to something The report highlights the need for better housing.
implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ adj	suggested but not directly expressed There is an implicit assumption that growth is always good.
induce /ɪnˈdjuːs/ v	to cause something, or to persuade someone to do it Higher wages could induce more people to become teachers.
inevitable /ɪnˈevɪtəbl/ adj	certain to happen and impossible to prevent Some job losses are inevitable as technology advances.
infrastructure /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ n	basic systems and services such as roads and power supplies Poor infrastructure discourages foreign investment.
inspect /ɪnˈspekt/ v	to look at something closely to check it Restaurants are regularly inspected for hygiene.
intense /ɪnˈtens/ adj	very great or strong Students face intense pressure to succeed in exams.
manipulate /məˈnɪpjuleɪt/ v	to control or influence someone or something unfairly or skilfully Advertisers manipulate consumers into buying unnecessary products.
minimise /ˈmɪnɪmaɪz/ v	to reduce something to the smallest possible amount Measures are needed to minimise the risk of flooding.
nuclear /ˈnjuːkliə(r)/ adj	relating to energy produced by splitting atoms Nuclear power produces few carbon emissions.
offset /ˈɒfset/ v	to balance one effect with an opposite effect Higher costs were offset by increased sales.
paragraph /ˈpærəɡrɑːf/ n	a section of writing that starts on a new line Each paragraph should develop one main idea.
plus /plʌs/ prep	added to; and also The total cost is two million pounds plus tax.
practitioner /prækˈtɪʃənə(r)/ n	a person who works in a profession such as medicine or law General practitioners see hundreds of patients each week.
predominant /prɪˈdɒmɪnənt/ adj	most common, important or noticeable English is the predominant language of academic publishing.
prospect /ˈprɒspekt/ n	the possibility that something will happen in the future Graduates face poor job prospects in some fields.
radical /ˈrædɪkl/ adj	very new and different, or affecting basic aspects Radical changes are needed to reduce emissions.
random /ˈrændəm/ adj	happening or chosen without a pattern or plan A random sample of 1,000 adults was surveyed.
reinforce /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/ v	to make an idea, feeling or structure stronger Advertising can reinforce gender stereotypes.
restore /rɪˈstɔː(r)/ v	to bring something back to its former condition The city restored many of its historic buildings.
revise /rɪˈvaɪz/ v	to change something to improve it, or to study again Growth forecasts were revised downwards.
schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/ n	a plan of when things will happen The new hospital was completed ahead of schedule.
tension /ˈtenʃn/ n	a feeling of anxiety or a situation of conflict The policy created tension between the two communities.
terminate /ˈtɜːmɪneɪt/ v	to bring something to an end The contract was terminated after two years.
theme /θiːm/ n	the main subject or idea in a piece of work Identity is a recurring theme in her novels.
thereby /ˌðeəˈbaɪ/ adv	as a result of the action just mentioned Cities could tax cars, thereby reducing congestion.
uniform /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ adj	the same in all parts or at all times Growth was not uniform across all regions.
vehicle /ˈviːəkl/ n	a machine for transporting people or goods, or a means of doing something Electric vehicles are becoming increasingly affordable.
via /ˈvaɪə/ prep	by way of or by means of Data were collected via online questionnaires.
virtual /ˈvɜːtʃuəl/ adj	created by computers, or almost but not completely Virtual classrooms allow students to learn from home.
visual /ˈvɪʒuəl/ adj	relating to seeing or sight Visual aids help students remember information.
widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj	existing or happening in many places or among many people The policy caused widespread public anger.