6️⃣ Awl6 · Academic Word List (AWL) · 60 words

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abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ adj	based on general ideas rather than real objects or events Young children find abstract concepts difficult to grasp.
accurate /ˈækjərət/ adj	correct and true in every detail Accurate data are essential for effective planning.
acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ v	to accept or admit that something is true The government acknowledged that mistakes had been made.
aggregate /ˈæɡrɪɡət/ adj	made up of several amounts added together Aggregate demand fell during the economic downturn.
allocate /ˈæləkeɪt/ v	to give something officially for a particular purpose More funding should be allocated to mental health services.
assign /əˈsaɪn/ v	to give someone a task or role Participants were randomly assigned to two groups.
attach /əˈtætʃ/ v	to fasten something, or to consider something important Many cultures attach great importance to family.
author /ˈɔːθə(r)/ n	a person who writes a book, article or report The author argues that technology isolates people.
bond /bɒnd/ n	a close connection, or a certificate of debt sold by a government Shared experiences create strong social bonds.
brief /briːf/ adj	lasting a short time or using few words The report gives a brief overview of the main issues.
capable /ˈkeɪpəbl/ adj	having the ability or qualities to do something Modern computers are capable of learning from data.
cite /saɪt/ v	to mention something as an example or source Cost is the most frequently cited reason for not recycling.
cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ v	to work together with others towards a shared aim Countries must cooperate to tackle climate change.
discriminate /dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt/ v	to treat a person or group unfairly because of who they are Employers must not discriminate against older applicants.
display /dɪˈspleɪ/ v	to show something so that people can see it Patients displayed fewer symptoms after treatment.
diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/ adj	including many different types of people or things London is one of the most culturally diverse cities in the world.
domain /dəˈmeɪn/ n	an area of knowledge, activity or control Healthcare was once considered a public domain.
edit /ˈedɪt/ v	to prepare text or film by correcting and changing it The collection was edited by two leading historians.
enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ v	to improve the quality or value of something Bilingualism may enhance certain cognitive skills.
estate /ɪˈsteɪt/ n	property or land, or all the things a person owns Real estate prices have doubled in the capital.
exceed /ɪkˈsiːd/ v	to be greater than a number or limit Demand for housing far exceeds supply.
expert /ˈekspɜːt/ n	a person with special knowledge or skill Health experts warn against excessive sugar intake.
explicit /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/ adj	clearly and fully stated The rules make no explicit reference to online behaviour.
federal /ˈfedərəl/ adj	relating to the central government of a federation Federal funding for research was cut by ten percent.
fee /fiː/ n	money paid for a service or for entry University tuition fees have tripled in the last decade.
flexible /ˈfleksəbl/ adj	able to change easily to suit new conditions Flexible working hours can improve job satisfaction.
furthermore /ˌfɜːðəˈmɔː(r)/ adv	in addition to what has been said The scheme is expensive; furthermore, it is unpopular.
gender /ˈdʒendə(r)/ n	the state of being male or female, especially socially The gender pay gap remains a serious issue.
ignorant /ˈɪɡnərənt/ adj	lacking knowledge or information about something Many consumers remain ignorant of the risks of fast food.
incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv/ n	something that encourages a person to do something Tax incentives encourage businesses to invest in green energy.
incidence /ˈɪnsɪdəns/ n	the extent or rate at which something happens The incidence of diabetes has risen sharply.
incorporate /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt/ v	to include something as part of a whole The new design incorporates solar panels into the roof.
index /ˈɪndeks/ n	a measure of change, or an alphabetical list at the end of a book The consumer price index rose by 3% last year.
inhibit /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/ v	to slow down or prevent something from happening High taxes may inhibit economic growth.
initiate /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ v	to cause a process or action to begin The government initiated a campaign to reduce smoking.
input /ˈɪnpʊt/ n	ideas, effort or material put into a process The plan was developed with input from local residents.
instruct /ɪnˈstrʌkt/ v	to tell someone officially to do something, or to teach them Participants were instructed to keep a daily diary.
intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n	the ability to learn and understand, or secret information Artificial intelligence is transforming many industries.
interval /ˈɪntəvl/ n	a period of time between two events Measurements were taken at regular intervals.
lecture /ˈlektʃə(r)/ n	a formal talk given to students or an audience Many universities now record lectures for online viewing.
migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/ v	to move from one place to another to live or work Millions of people migrate from rural areas to cities each year.
minimum /ˈmɪnɪməm/ n	the smallest amount possible or allowed Workers should be paid at least the legal minimum.
ministry /ˈmɪnɪstri/ n	a government department led by a minister The Ministry of Education announced new exam rules.
motive /ˈməʊtɪv/ n	a reason for doing something Profit is the main motive for most businesses.
neutral /ˈnjuːtrəl/ adj	not supporting either side in a disagreement Journalists should remain neutral when reporting the news.
nevertheless /ˌnevəðəˈles/ adv	despite what has just been said The plan is costly; nevertheless, it is worth pursuing.
overseas /ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/ adj	in or from a foreign country, especially across the sea The number of overseas students has doubled.
precede /prɪˈsiːd/ v	to happen or come before something The crisis was preceded by a period of rapid growth.
presume /prɪˈzjuːm/ v	to believe something is true without being certain It is presumed that all participants answered honestly.
rational /ˈræʃnəl/ adj	based on reason rather than emotion Consumers do not always make rational decisions.
recover /rɪˈkʌvə(r)/ v	to return to a normal state after a difficult period The economy took years to recover from the crisis.
reveal /rɪˈviːl/ v	to make known something that was hidden The survey revealed widespread dissatisfaction with public transport.
scope /skəʊp/ n	the range of things that a subject or activity deals with This issue lies beyond the scope of the present study.
subsidy /ˈsʌbsədi/ n	money paid by a government to reduce costs Farm subsidies keep food prices artificially low.
tape /teɪp/ n	a magnetic strip for recording sound or pictures, or sticky strip All interviews were recorded on tape and transcribed.
trace /treɪs/ v	to find the origin or history of something The outbreak was traced to contaminated water.
transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ v	to change something completely The internet has transformed the way we shop.
transport /ˈtrænspɔːt/ n	a system for carrying people or goods from place to place Investment in public transport can reduce congestion.
underlie /ˌʌndəˈlaɪ/ v	to be the real cause or basis of something Poverty underlies many of the problems in deprived areas.
utilise /ˈjuːtəlaɪz/ v	to use something effectively Schools could utilise their buildings more efficiently.