4️⃣ Awl4 · Academic Word List (AWL) · 60 words

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access /ˈækses/ n	the right or opportunity to use or reach something Millions of people still lack access to clean water.
adequate /ˈædɪkwət/ adj	enough or good enough for a particular need Many schools lack adequate funding for new equipment.
annual /ˈænjuəl/ adj	happening once a year or relating to one year The company reported a 5% rise in annual profits.
apparent /əˈpærənt/ adj	easy to see or understand, or seeming true It soon became apparent that the plan would fail.
approximate /əˈprɒksɪmət/ adj	close to the exact value but not completely accurate The approximate cost of the project is two million pounds.
attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/ n	the way a person thinks or feels about something Public attitudes towards recycling have changed considerably.
attribute /əˈtrɪbjuːt/ v	to say that something is caused by something else The fall in crime is attributed to better street lighting.
civil /ˈsɪvl/ adj	relating to ordinary citizens rather than the military or church The country was devastated by years of civil war.
code /kəʊd/ n	a set of rules, or a system of symbols for sending messages Doctors must follow a strict code of conduct.
commit /kəˈmɪt/ v	to promise to do something, or to do something wrong Most crimes are committed by a small number of offenders.
communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v	to share information, ideas or feelings Scientists must communicate their findings clearly to the public.
concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ v	to give all your attention, or to gather in one place Industry tends to concentrate in large cities.
confer /kənˈfɜː(r)/ v	to give a right or title, or to discuss together A university degree confers certain advantages in the job market.
contrast /ˈkɒntrɑːst/ n	a clear difference between two things In contrast to urban areas, rural incomes fell.
cycle /ˈsaɪkl/ n	a series of events that repeat in the same order The diagram shows the life cycle of a butterfly.
debate /dɪˈbeɪt/ n	a discussion in which people express different views There is ongoing debate about the safety of genetically modified food.
despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ prep	without being affected by something Despite rising costs, demand for air travel continues to grow.
dimension /daɪˈmenʃn/ n	an aspect of a situation, or a measurement such as length Climate change has an important social dimension.
domestic /dəˈmestɪk/ adj	relating to one's own country, or to the home Domestic demand helped the economy recover.
emerge /iˈmɜːdʒ/ v	to appear or become known New evidence has emerged about the effects of screen time.
error /ˈerə(r)/ n	a mistake Most aviation accidents result from human error.
ethnic /ˈeθnɪk/ adj	relating to a group with a shared culture or origin The city is home to many different ethnic groups.
goal /ɡəʊl/ n	something you aim to achieve The main goal of the scheme is to reduce child poverty.
grant /ɡrɑːnt/ n	money given by a government or organisation for a purpose Students from poor families can apply for a government grant.
hence /hens/ adv	for this reason The device is small and light, hence its popularity.
hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθəsɪs/ n	an idea that is suggested but not yet proved The results support the hypothesis that stress weakens immunity.
implement /ˈɪmplɪment/ v	to put a plan or decision into action The reforms were implemented over a five-year period.
implicate /ˈɪmplɪkeɪt/ v	to show that someone or something is involved in a problem or crime Poor diet has been implicated in many chronic diseases.
impose /ɪmˈpəʊz/ v	to officially introduce a rule, tax or punishment The government imposed a tax on sugary drinks.
integrate /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/ v	to combine parts into a whole, or to become part of a group Immigrants often find it hard to integrate into a new society.
internal /ɪnˈtɜːnl/ adj	existing or happening inside something The company launched an internal investigation.
investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/ v	to examine something carefully to discover facts The study investigates the causes of early school leaving.
job /dʒɒb/ n	work done regularly for payment Automation could replace millions of jobs.
label /ˈleɪbl/ n	a piece of paper with information on a product, or a descriptive word Food labels should show the sugar content clearly.
mechanism /ˈmekənɪzəm/ n	a system or process that makes something happen Scientists are still unsure about the mechanism behind the disease.
obvious /ˈɒbviəs/ adj	easy to see or understand There is no obvious solution to the housing crisis.
occupy /ˈɒkjupaɪ/ v	to fill or use a space or time, or to take control of a place Residential buildings occupy most of the land.
option /ˈɒpʃn/ n	something that can be chosen Working from home is now an option for many employees.
output /ˈaʊtpʊt/ n	the amount produced by a person, machine or industry Industrial output fell sharply during the recession.
overall /ˌəʊvərˈɔːl/ adj	including everything; general Overall, the proportion of elderly people rose steadily.
parallel /ˈpærəlel/ adj	happening at the same time or very similar Parallel studies were carried out in three countries.
parameter /pəˈræmɪtə(r)/ n	a limit or factor that defines how something can be done The research was conducted within strict parameters.
phase /feɪz/ n	a stage in a process of change or development The project is now in its final phase.
predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ v	to say what will happen in the future Experts predict that sea levels will continue to rise.
principal /ˈprɪnsəpl/ adj	most important; main Agriculture is the principal source of income in the region.
prior /ˈpraɪə(r)/ adj	happening or existing before something else No prior experience is required for the course.
professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj	relating to a job that needs special training Doctors must meet high professional standards.
project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ n	a planned piece of work with a specific aim The bridge project was completed ahead of schedule.
promote /prəˈməʊt/ v	to encourage or support something, or to advertise it Schools should promote healthy eating habits.
regime /reɪˈʒiːm/ n	a system of government or way of organising something The country was ruled by a military regime for decades.
resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/ v	to find a solution to a problem The dispute was eventually resolved through negotiation.
retain /rɪˈteɪn/ v	to keep or continue to have something Companies struggle to retain skilled staff.
series /ˈsɪəriːz/ n	a number of similar things happening one after another The government introduced a series of reforms.
statistic /stəˈtɪstɪk/ n	a fact shown in numbers Official statistics show a fall in unemployment.
status /ˈsteɪtəs/ n	social or professional position, or the current situation Teachers enjoy high social status in some cultures.
stress /stres/ n	mental pressure, or special importance given to something Work-related stress is a leading cause of absence.
subsequent /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/ adj	happening after something else Subsequent studies failed to confirm the original findings.
sum /sʌm/ n	an amount of money, or the total from adding numbers Large sums of money were spent on the Olympic Games.
summary /ˈsʌməri/ n	a short statement of the main points The report begins with a summary of the key findings.
undertake /ˌʌndəˈteɪk/ v	to agree to do or start a task The research was undertaken by a team of economists.