IELTS Writing Task 2 – Band 8.0 Sample

Research suggests that adults in many countries now sleep noticeably less than previous generations did. This is largely a consequence of modern technology and working patterns, and it takes a heavy toll on both personal health and society as a whole.

The most obvious cause is the presence of screens in the bedroom. Many people scroll through social media or watch videos late into the night, and the light from these devices interferes with the body's natural sleep signals. Moreover, long working hours and lengthy commutes leave little time for rest, while the expectation of being available online means that some people check work messages right up until bedtime. Students, similarly, often stay up late revising for exams or playing games, sacrificing sleep for short-term goals. Shift work and the growth of round-the-clock services have also disrupted the natural rhythms of millions of workers.

The effects of chronic sleep deprivation are serious. For individuals, a lack of sleep impairs concentration and memory and is linked to a higher risk of obesity, heart disease and depression. As a result, people who are constantly tired tend to be less productive and more irritable. For society, the consequences are equally significant. Exhausted employees make more mistakes and take more sick days, which costs economies billions every year. Drowsy driving is also a major cause of road accidents, putting the lives of other road users at risk, and the extra strain on health services is ultimately paid for by taxpayers.

In conclusion, people are sleeping less mainly because of digital devices and demanding schedules. Since inadequate sleep undermines health, productivity and public safety, it deserves to be treated as a public health issue rather than a purely private matter.